Locomotive-boiler furnace



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G. H. WATSON. LOGOMOTIVE BOILER PURNAGL.

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. G'. H. WATSON.

LOGOMOTIVB BQILER PURNA'GE. A No. 530,566. I Patented Deo. 1 1, 1894,.-

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G.'-H. WATS0N. LOGOMOTIVE BOILER FURNACE.

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No. 530,566. Patented Dec. 1'1, 1894.

UNITED STATES i PATENT i OFFICE.

GEORGE H. `W'ATSON,V uSI. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

LOCO'MOTIVEfBOILER FU RNAC E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 530,566, dated December11, 1894.

Original application filed December 30, 1892, Serial 110.456.769.Divided and this application led June 3, 1893. Renewed October 24,1894:. Serial No.526,814. (No model.)

.and exact specification.

My invention relates to down draft locomotive boiler furnaces, and hasfor its object the simplification of the construction of such furnaces;to render them very durable while lat the same time greatlyreducing thecost`- thereof; to perfect the Water circulation' of the boiler, andfurther to entirely avoid the detrimental results, so" oftenobservediher'el tofore, andcaused bythe accumulation of scale and boilersettlings. i i

My invention consists in general in the con#` structions andcombinations all as hereinaf-` ter described, and particularly pointedout in the claims. i y The invention will be more readily understood byreference to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, and

Figure lis a vertical, longitudinal elevation on the line 1--1 of Fig.2. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the frontend of the boiler one half thereofbeing shown in section on the line -a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical,longitudinal section taken on the line .ef-#z ofV Fig. 4 and showing amodified form of my boilerfurnace. Fig. 4; is a vertical transversesection on the line y-y of Fig. 3. y

As shown in the drawings 2 represents the boiler casingor shell, withinthe depending portion of'which is arranged the fire box, surrounded uponits four sides` by the water legs or sides 3, 4 and 5, 5, and having itstopI that the fire box is divided into three main parts, namely, thefuel chamber 10,the combustion chamber 11 immediately beneath the same,and the escape chamber or duct 12;

the division being made by the basket grate shown. This grate is formedof the two sets` of, upper and lower, hollow grate bars or` tubes l13and 14, respectively. These tubes have their forward ends fastened bysuitable means in the front plate 15 and extend therefrom horizontallythrough the fire box, being bent or curved upwardly at some distancefrom the flue sheet. The ends are from thence carried directly up andthrough the crown sheet 6, wherein they are suitably` secured. The space12, between the tubes and the ilue sheet 16, is wide and large.Communication between the same and the chamber 10, is entirely cut offand prevented by a lilling' 17 of a suitable materiaharranged betweenthe upright parts of the water tubes.

"Therefore products of combustion issuing from fuelburning upon thehorizontal parts of the grate bars and supplied with air enteringthrough the door 19 can only escape by passing downward between saidhorizontal parts and into the combustion chamber, passing thence intothe escape space or duct 12 communicating with the boiler flues 19.

Each hollowgrate bar is formed of a single .piece of pipe, the lowerendiof which pierces ythe front sheet 15 and communicates with the waterleg 4, while theupper end of the tube pierces through the crown sheet 6.Any suitable means may be employed for fastening the tubes in the frontand crown sheets, but I much prefer the use of the wate1tight, allthreaded connections shown plainly in Figs. 1 and 4.. As shown the endsof the tubes are threaded back for quite a distance, and the accommodateexpansion andcontraction.

A further andmost important feature of the construction, consists in thearrangement of the up-turned ends ofthe upper and lower sets of gratebars or tubes, so as to hold the refractory iillingbetween saidtip-turned ends IOO firmly in place and prevent dislodgment of thefilling by the violent vibration to which a locomotive boiler,particularly, is subjected, For this purpose I carry the bend of theupper set of bars or tubes farther back than that of the lower set sothat the upper ends of the upper set of bars stand back of the ends ofthe lower set, thus forming a crotch or seat 21, to support the filling17.

In my furnace the construction of those parts which lie above thechamber 11, is in all cases substantially the same, but below that pointthe construction may vary. `For instance the combustion chamber 1l mayterminate in the closed bottom 22, having be'- neath it the waterbottom, as shown in Figs.' 3 and 4. The ashes from the down draft fgrate fall upon the bottom 22 and areremoved from thence through thenormallyclosedash' pit door 23. The yconstruction which I prefer,however, is shown in Figs. l ,and 2, an upward draft grate 24, thusformingthe bottom vof the combustion chamber. y A portion of the fuelplaced upon the downdraft grate falls through upon the grate A24, andthere continues` to burn, adding greatly to the'extent of thecomibustion of the gases-in the combustion chamiber and hence to thegeneral eiiciencyof the boiler. Beneath the grate 24, I provideithe ashpan 25, which is normally tightly closed to the entrance of air, butwhich has one or more doors 25, through which the ashes may be removedand which Vdoorsmay vbe opened whenever an upward draft through thelower grate is deemed necessary. i

The advantages of a furnace constructed as described, are: first, theuninterrupted ciriculation of water from the front water leg, throughthe water ,bars directly into the .top of the boiler; second, the totalabsence ofsediment pockets in the path vof active circula` tion; third,the entire freedom from detri- --mental results of contraction andexpansionili the water grate barsy or, tubes; fourth, the completestoppage of all draft acrossv the top of the fuel upon the downdraftgrate, and d ue to the employment of the filling 17 5 fifth, theadded heating surface resulting fromzthe exposure of the outersurfacesyof ythe upturned parts of the water bars 13, 14, the innerparts only of. said bars being embedded in the refractory materialforming the filling 17; and

lastly, and .arising from the'use of .both .up draft and down draftgrates the thorough combustion of all gases and carbon while within thecombustion chamber ll, which rel sults in an almost complete abatementof the ,dense black smoke which .ordinarily arises from the boilerfurnaces particularly-where bituminous coal isused.

This applicationis ledas va division of my application filed December30, 1892, Serial No. 456,759, the subject matter contai'nedlhereinhaving been withdrawn from the.v prior application.

Having thus describedmy invention,` what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with the front and crown sheets of a locomotiveboiler, or like furnace, and the water spaces surrounding the same,water grate bars having their rear ends bent or curved upwardly, theopposite ends of said bars 4being extended through and secured in saidfront and crown sheets respectively, and the spaces between the upturnedends or parts of the water bars being closed by a suitable filling,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination with the boiler shell, ofthe fire box arrangedtherein and surrounded by the water spaces or legs, the front crown andflue sheets respectively, of said box, a door 19 leadinginto the-upper;part .thereof and the basket grate formed by a series of tubes or pipes,extending part way through theflre box` and; bent or carried upward inthe rear partthereof, the lowerends of said pipes being extendedthroughland securedin the front sheet to communicate; with the front`water leg, the upper ends of the pipesbeing `carried upward through,and securedin the watertubes or bars forming the grate within said firebox, the rear-ends of saidbarsbeing carried upwardly in front ofthegluepsheet andextended through the: crown:` sheet, the

lower and forward-ends 'of the barspassing through the front sheet Aandthus com muni cating with the front water leg andthe-,spaces betweenjthe up-turnedparts of" the water tubes, being filled lwith refractorymaterial,

while the outsidesurfaces of. saidyupfturned parts areexposed,substantially asand for the, purpose specified.

i. The @ombinauonvw/ith'the boiler sneu, of the. fire boxarrangedtherein and having the front, crown, and, flue, sheetsrespectively, the water tubes' or bars forming the grate-within said box, and4havingtheirrear ends extendingupwardly infront of said -iue .sheet,theoppositeends of,k said pipesy being connected with, the water spacessurrounding the, fire, vbox andthespaces betweenythe upright -partsgof saidtubes orgbars beingclosed byy asuitable filling ,to compel a down,draft ith-roughithe spaces; between theV lower parts lof' the4 tubes,.substantially as described.

;5.: The; combination with the boilershell,

of the ;re box arrangedthereim the upper and lowersets, of f water;grate 1` bars ,or :tubes ,1 3, 14, rthe rearends of saidtubesbeing bentor curved and; extendedwupwardlyin the-rear lpart oftsaid-vbox, theupturned-.,ei1ds of the IOO IIO

upper set of bars being extended through the spaces between the likeends of the lower bars and standing back of the same to form `a crotchor seat 21, a refractory filling arranged between the up-turned ends ofthe two sets of bars and resting in said seat, and the ends of saidgrate bars being connected with the water spaces of the boiler,substan-` tially as described.

6. The combination with the boiler shell, of the lire box arrangedtherein, the upper and lower sets of water grate bars or tubes, 13, 14,the rear ends of said tubes being bent or curved andextended upwardly inthe rear parts of the box, the up-turned ends of the upper set of barsbeing extended through the spaces between the ends of the lower bars andstanding back of the same to form a crotch or seat 21, a refractoryfilling arranged between the up-turned ends of the two sets of bars, andresting in said seat, and the opposite ends of said barsbeing extendedthrough and secured in the front sheet and the crown sheet of the tirebox, respectively, and communicating directly with the surrounding waterspaces, substantially as described.

7. The combination with the boiler shell, of the fire box arrangedtherein, and surrounded by the water spaces, the bent tubes having thehorizontal and upright parts, the

ends of said tubes being secured in the front and crown sheets of thetire box, respectively, by all threaded connections and the spacesbetween the upright parts of the tubes being closed by a refractoryfilling, substantially as described.

8. The combination with the boiler casing, of the tire box arrangedtherein, the water tubes extending horizontally and vertically in saidlire box and connected with the surrounding water spaces, the spacesbetween the ver-tical parts of said tubes being closed by a suitablefilling, said fire box being dvided by the grate so formed into thethree chambers 10, 11 and 12, respectively, and an up draft grateprovided in the lower part of the fire box and a normally closed ashreceptacle or space provided beneath the same, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have hereunder set my hand this 3d day of June,1893.

GEORGE H. WATSON.

Witnesses:

y C. G. HAWLEY,

LEONARD H. DYER.

